Informatics Publishing Limited

Saravana Kumar Jaganathan ¹, Aruna Priyadharshni Subramanian ¹, Agnes Aruna John ¹, Muthu Vignesh Vellayappan ¹, Arunpandian Balaji ¹, Eko Supriyanto ¹, Bakiraj Gundumalai ², Ashok Kumar Jaganathan ³

Affiliations
1 IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, MY
2 Research & Development Department, Bridgestone India Automotive, Mumbai, IN
3 Assistant Manager, Research and Development Wing, AVTEC Ltd, CK Birla Group, Hosur, IN

Abstract

A recent report states that more than 2,000,000 stents are used worldwide per year. Coronary artery obstruction is caused by the presence of high level of cholesterol which leads to ischemia. To prevent the elastic contraction of the artery that occurs immediately after the removal of the obstruction, typically a cardiovascular stent is placed. Structural integrity of the stent is an essential parameter determining the life span of the stent. In order to prevent the stent failure, we modelled a cardio vascular stent and subjected it to modal analysis to estimate the natural frequency of the stent. For this study three commonly used stent materials namely stainless steel (316L), cobalt-chromium alloy (CoCrMo) and titanium alloy (Ti₆Al₄V) were chosen. The natural frequencies were significantly different (P<0.05) for the three metallic stents at each corresponding modes. The vibrating modes at each frequency showed pronounced changes in their shapes for every stent material. The outcome of this work will be used by the medical product designers for designing new stents with better structural integrity by analyzing the modelled stent using ANSYS software before stent insertion, substituting in vivo experiment that is difficult and unpractical.

Keywords

Cardiovascular Stent, Coronary Artery Obstruction, Modal Shapes, Natural Frequency, Structural integrity

Full Text

   

Aruna Priyadharshni Subramanian ¹, Agnes Aruna John ¹, Muthu Vignesh Vellayappan ¹, Arunpandian Balaji ¹, Saravana Kumar Jaganathan ², A. Manikandan ³, Eko Supriyanto ⁴

Affiliations
1 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, MY
2 Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, VN
3 Department of Chemistry, Bharath University, Chennai 600 073, IN
4 IJNU-TM Cardiovascular Engineering Center, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Johor, MY

Abstract

Diet plays a crucial role in cancer advancement as well as prevention. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Recent research links breast cancer with diet and some evidence for the preventive effect of diet against breast cancer was also documented. The growth of cancer cells is influenced by natural sweetener honey and its multitude of phenolic phytochemical components. Honey has been used medicinally by ancient Greeks and Egyptians and also traditionally exploited in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine. In this paper, the anti-cancer properties of honey and its phytochemical's action against breast cancer have been summarized. They result in apoptosis by enhancing reactive oxygen species level, activating mitochondrial pathway, initiation of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, induction of p53 pathway that finally cause DNA fragmentation. However, there is a necessity for more proteomic and genetic-based experiments to understand its molecular mechanism to promote honey and its phenolic markers as plausible candidates for breast cancer treatment. Further, there is a need for quality check of honey available in the market, which warrants significant investigation by researchers in the food industry to ensure their attributes.

Keywords

Anti-Cancer, Apoptosis, Breast Cancer, Honey, Phenolic.

Full Text